Which statement is correct about $ IC{l_3} $ molecules?
A. All $ I - Cl $ bonds are equivalent.
B. Molecules are polar and nonplanar.
C. All adjacent bond angles are equal.
D. All hybrid orbitals of the central atom having equal s- character.
Answer
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Hint: In order to answer this question, we should know about the structure of the molecule given which is $ IC{l_3} $ . We should know how the atoms are bonded within a molecule. For this, we should know about the valence electrons of the atom present in a molecule.
Complete answer:
Let us understand this question in complete detail.
First, let's see the structure of $ IC{l_3} $ molecules.
The chemical name of the $ IC{l_3} $ molecule is Iodine trichloride. It is an interhalogen compound made up of iodine and chlorine.
Iodine has seven electrons and each chlorine provides one electron giving a total of five pairs.
These five pairs of electrons arrange themselves and form trigonal bipyramidal. According to valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory, T-shape is expected to form for iodine trichloride but the original shape is trigonal bipyramidal.
The molecule $ IC{l_3} $ is polar and non-planar because its net dipole moment is not equal to zero due to the difference between the electronegativity of iodine and chlorine. So, option (B) is not correct.
Also, all $ I - Cl $ bonds are not equivalent. Some are equivalent or some are axial bonds. So, option (A) is not correct.
Equatorial $ I - Cl $ bond has more s-character than axial $ I - Cl $ bonds. So, option (D) is not correct.
All the adjacent bond angles are equal in $ IC{l_3} $ molecules.
Hence, option (C) is correct.
Note:
It must be remembered as an additional information that interhalogen compounds are very reactive and less stable than halogens. The reason is that the covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
Complete answer:
Let us understand this question in complete detail.
First, let's see the structure of $ IC{l_3} $ molecules.
The chemical name of the $ IC{l_3} $ molecule is Iodine trichloride. It is an interhalogen compound made up of iodine and chlorine.
Iodine has seven electrons and each chlorine provides one electron giving a total of five pairs.
These five pairs of electrons arrange themselves and form trigonal bipyramidal. According to valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory, T-shape is expected to form for iodine trichloride but the original shape is trigonal bipyramidal.
The molecule $ IC{l_3} $ is polar and non-planar because its net dipole moment is not equal to zero due to the difference between the electronegativity of iodine and chlorine. So, option (B) is not correct.
Also, all $ I - Cl $ bonds are not equivalent. Some are equivalent or some are axial bonds. So, option (A) is not correct.
Equatorial $ I - Cl $ bond has more s-character than axial $ I - Cl $ bonds. So, option (D) is not correct.
All the adjacent bond angles are equal in $ IC{l_3} $ molecules.
Hence, option (C) is correct.
Note:
It must be remembered as an additional information that interhalogen compounds are very reactive and less stable than halogens. The reason is that the covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
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