How does gravity change with mass?

Hint: There are many formulas that show the relationship between gravity and mass, but the main challenge here is to identify the formula that can show the most appropriate relationship between gravity and mass. Once the formula is identified, then finding the relation between gravity and mass becomes easy.

Complete solution:
The amount of gravity affecting an object depends on two things: the mass of the objects being attracted and the distance between the objects. Mass is the measure of the amount of matter in an object. We see that the gravitational force between objects increases as the masses of the objects increase.

Therefore, from the above description gravity is directly proportional to mass.

Additional Information:
Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another. On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity causes the ocean tides. Gravity has an infinite range, although its effects become increasingly weaker as objects get further away.

Gravity is most accurately described by the general theory of relativity, which describes gravity not as a force, but because of masses moving along geodesic lines in a curved spacetime caused by the uneven distribution of mass. However, for most applications, gravity is well approximated by Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes gravity as a force causing any two bodies to be attracted toward each other, with magnitude proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Note:
Gravity and mass are two important terms that are used in almost all topics of physics. Physics is defined around these two terms, as many formulas in physics contain either of the terms or both of the terms. Gravity and mass are used widely while calculating the value for force and gravity is applied automatically on any object placed on the surface.