What is the difference between free and forced vibration?
Answer
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Hint: When no energy transfer between the vibrating object and the surrounding hence it is called the free vibrations.
When the driving force acts on a vibrating object then it is called the forced vibration.
In a forced vibration the energy transfer between the vibrating object and surrounding occurs.
Complete answer:
If the vibration occurs in the absence of friction then it is called the free vibration. When repeated force occurs on a system then it is called the forced vibration.
The difference between the free and forced vibration is tabulated below,
Note: The audible frequency range is $20Hz$ to $20KHz$
The frequency below $20Hz$ is called the infrasonic.
The frequency above $20KHz$ is called the ultrasonic.
When the driving force acts on a vibrating object then it is called the forced vibration.
In a forced vibration the energy transfer between the vibrating object and surrounding occurs.
Complete answer:
If the vibration occurs in the absence of friction then it is called the free vibration. When repeated force occurs on a system then it is called the forced vibration.
The difference between the free and forced vibration is tabulated below,
| Free vibration | Forced vibration |
| When the body gets disturbed during its equilibrium position it produced the free vibrations | When external periodic force act on a body it produced the forced vibration |
| The force is required to initiate the free vibration | Continuous periodic force is required to initiate the forced vibration. |
| It is a self-sustained vibration | It is an externally sustained vibration |
| The free vibrations always depend on the body hence it is also called the natural frequency | The forced vibration frequency is equal to the external periodic force. |
| The free vibrations are stopped fastly | The forced vibrations are stopped based on the external periodic force |
| Example: simple pendulum oscillations | Example: music instruments that have soundboards. |
Note: The audible frequency range is $20Hz$ to $20KHz$
The frequency below $20Hz$ is called the infrasonic.
The frequency above $20KHz$ is called the ultrasonic.
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